Retraction (Article Withdrawal) Procedure

This policy has been developed in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines.

Grounds for Retraction

A retraction decision is made in the following cases: there is irrefutable evidence of unreliable or falsified research results; plagiarism has been detected; it has been established that the article was previously published in another publication without proper disclosure, permission, or justification (duplicate publication); the article contains materials obtained in violation of research ethics standards; serious errors have been identified (e.g., in methodology or calculations) that call into question the research conclusions, and the authors have not taken steps to correct them.

Procedure

Retraction may be initiated by: the author(s) of the article; the editorial board following the review of a complaint or on its own initiative; a third party who has provided substantiated evidence of a violation.

Before a retraction decision is made, the author(s) are given an opportunity to provide an explanation. The retraction decision is made by the editorial board and is documented in a corresponding notice.

Documentation of Retraction

The retraction notice is published on the publication's website and, where possible, in the next issue of the Journal. The notice shall contain: the title of the retracted article; the authors; the grounds for retraction; the date of the decision. The retracted article is not removed from the archive but is marked accordingly (watermark "RETRACTED"). The DOI of the retracted article continues to function and redirects to the retraction notice.